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Crocosmia × crocosmiiflora

(Lemoine) N.E.Br. (1932)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Monocots Order: Asparagales Family: Iridaceae Genus: Crocosmia

montbretia

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Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form: Plants 25–50(–100) cm tall.

Stems: With corms 2–3 cm in diameter and slender scaly stolons.

Roots: Fibrous root system.

Leaves: Leaves simple. Usually distichous, usually isobilateral and unifacial. Blades narrowly lanceolate, 30–50 cm long, 0.8–2 cm wide. Margins entire. Veins parallel. Sessile. Stipules absent.

Flowers: Flowers in spikes slightly flexuous, arching horizontally with several branches, bracts 6–10 mm long. Flowers bisexual (perfect), sessile, in branched spikes, bracts short, coriaceous, becoming dry and brown. Tepals orange, lanceolate, 15–25 mm long, 6–9 mm wide, subequal, spreading, the perianth tube slightly curved, 10–15 mm long. Stamens 3; filaments 15–22 mm long; anthers 6–8 mm long. Ovary inferior, 3-carpellate, 3-celled, globose; ovule placentation axile; style slender, divided near apex into 3 short, recurved, filiform stigmatic branches.

Fruit: Capsules up to 7 mm long; ca. 9 mm wide. Seeds brown; wrinkled; usually not viable.

Ploidy: 2n = 20–24; 33; 44

Habitat: Naturalized along trails and roadsides primarily in mesic to wet forest.

Elevation Range: 170–1,200 m.

Historical Distribution

Images

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Uses and Culture

USES

  • Yes

Natural History

Statewide Status

Naturalized

Island Status

Kaua'i Naturalized
O'ahu Naturalized
Molokai Naturalized
Maui Naturalized
Hawai'i Naturalized

Dispersal Agents


Pollinators

Bibliography

Name Published In: Trans. Roy. Soc. South Africa 20: 264 (1932)

Other References

Wagner et al. 1990:1446 (K, O, M, H); Staples & Herbst 2005:669 (KEY, DESCR); Oppenheimer 2010:36 (Mo); Note: stabilized hybrid

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Locality Habitat Basis of Record Description Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Crocosmia × crocosmiiflora Waimea Canyon, 0.5 mi E of Kokee Ranger Station & Museum Common along roadside. Preserved_Specimen Petals & sepals orange to red outside at tip. Henrickson, J.S. 4058 Kauai BISH 1969-08-01
2 Crocosmia × crocosmiiflora Waianae Range, Honouliuli, S ridge of Palikea Preserved_Specimen Corolla orange. Webster, G.L. 1407 Oahu BISH 1948-03-27
3 Crocosmia × crocosmiiflora Honolulu, Lyon Arboretum, along service road near section 35 An established, naturalized weed growing in more open, sun exposed areas. Preserved_Specimen Herb to 2 m tall, flowers red to orange. Spence, G. 387 Oahu BISH 1976-08-01
4 Crocosmia × crocosmiiflora On Waianae Range, on Palikea trail In open grassy area. Common Preserved_Specimen Flowers deep orange in color. Herat, T. 411 Oahu BISH 1973-07-08
5 Crocosmia × crocosmiiflora Honouliuli forest reserve, Palehua-Palikea trail Preserved_Specimen Sohmer, S.H. 6156 Oahu BISH 1969-10-25
6 Crocosmia × crocosmiiflora Hwy H20, 4-5 mi outside of Hilo on Saddle Rd, W of Hilo Preserved_Specimen Young, D.A. 1658 Hawaii BISH 1979-01-19
7 Crocosmia × crocosmiiflora Waimea, Na Pali-Kona Forest Reserve, betw Halemanu & Nawaimaka valleys, Cliff trail Preserved_Specimen Chock, A.K. 888 Kauai BISH 1953-08-07
8 Crocosmia × crocosmiiflora Honolulu Preserved_Specimen Brigham, W.T. Oahu BISH
9 Crocosmia × crocosmiiflora Honouliuli Forest Reserve, Palehua Palikea Trail Preserved_Specimen Sohmer, S.H. 6158 Oahu BISH 1969-10-25
10 Crocosmia × crocosmiiflora East Maui, Makawao District, Kokomo Side of rd. Typical mesic-wet up country E Maui mix of landscape & wild plants. Associated vegetation: Livistona chinensis, Eucalyptus, Kikuyu grass. Preserved_Specimen Bulb <60cm; lvs green turning brown on margins with age, all on one plane; flowers 1.5 inches across, perianth lobes longer then tube, 6 orange petals becoming yellow towards the base 2-2.5 cm long, 2 triangular ± dark orange spots @ base; fruit bulb ~1inch surrounded by papery husk, 1 capsule (globose) appeared to have many (>12), small white seeds (1mm). Starr, F. 8111 Maui BISH 2000-08-11
11 Crocosmia × crocosmiiflora Palikea Trail Preserved_Specimen Kerr, M. Oahu BISH 1946-07-28
12 Crocosmia × crocosmiiflora Honolulu: Kamehameha Girls' School Preserved_Specimen Judd Jr., A.F. Oahu BISH 1937-09-25
13 Crocosmia × crocosmiiflora Hilo-Kona Rd Preserved_Specimen Meebold, A. Hawaii BISH 1932-05-01
14 Crocosmia × crocosmiiflora Kokee Preserved_Specimen Neal, M.C. Kauai BISH 1930-08-21
15 Crocosmia × crocosmiiflora Between Mauna Kapu & Palikea Naturalized along summit ridge. Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 21036 Oahu BISH 1950-10-29
16 Crocosmia × crocosmiiflora Kaala Preserved_Specimen Pearsall, G.A. Oahu BISH
17 Crocosmia × crocosmiiflora unknown Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 4010 BISH
18 Crocosmia × crocosmiiflora Waimea Arboretum & Botanical Garden, Haleiwa Cultivated in the living collections. Preserved_Specimen Herbaceous plant to 3 ft tall; flws bright orange w. yellow in throat. Orr, D. Oahu BISH 1990-08-09
19 Crocosmia × crocosmiiflora Kailua; 209 Oneawa Kai Place Potted plants grown as ornamentals. Preserved_Specimen Lvs ca. slender fans (equitant), arising from corms that are connected by wiry, tough stolens, up to 6 deep in soil, older corms naked, actively growing corms w/papery sheaths; no flws yet. Staples, G.W. 1307 Oahu BISH 1996-01-24
20 Crocosmia × crocosmiiflora S rim of Kahuaawi Gulch, near Forestry barracks With Hedychium under Eucalyptus. Preserved_Specimen Sparingly naturalized herbs; flowers orange. Oppenheimer, H.L. 60802 Molokai BISH 2008-06-06
21 Crocosmia × crocosmiiflora East Maui: Hana District, Puohoakamoa Naturalized in sunny margin of stream. Preserved_Specimen Oppenheimer, H.L. 112322 Maui BISH 2023-11-01
22 Crocosmia × crocosmiiflora Kau District, Hawaii Volcanoes National Park, along trail from Crater Rim Rd to Thurston Lava Tube Wet forest. Preserved_Specimen Perianth orange. Lammers, T.G. 5389 Hawaii BISH 1983-09-02
23 Crocosmia × crocosmiiflora Hwy 55, Kokee State Park Growing along road in scrub grass area. Preserved_Specimen Lvs linear-lanceolate; arising near base, nerves parallel, inflor a single panicle; fls red to orange. Spence, G. 195 Kauai BISH 1973-07-25
24 Crocosmia × crocosmiiflora Waimea District. Kokee, Camp 10 road, wesst of the southside Pihea trail trailhead. Naturalized along disturbed roadside. Common. Preserved_Specimen Herb with corms, less than 0.5 meters tall; leaves arranged in a somewhat erect, fan-like shape; blades pale yellow-green near base and a blue-ish hue near tips; flowers in racemes, tepals bright orange becoming more yellow near the base, the outher whorl somewhat more yellow than the inner; fruit dark gray-brown capsules, mo Brock, K. 933 Kauai BISH 2016-11-22
25 Crocosmia × crocosmiiflora S rim of Kahuaawi Gulch, near Forestry barracks With Hedychium under Eucalyptus. Preserved_Specimen Sparingly naturalized herbs; flowers orange. Oppenheimer, H.L. 60802 Molokai BISH 2008-06-06
26 Crocosmia × crocosmiiflora Honolulu: Kalihi; Bishop Museum, Dormitory D In a flower bed in full sun. Preserved_Specimen The flower is mandarin red w. apricot at the center & blood red splotches at the center. The flowers are not fragrant (noon). Lau, J. 1330 Oahu BISH 1985-08-20
27 Crocosmia × crocosmiiflora Along Stainback Hwy At edge of wet Metrosideros-Cibotium forest. Preserved_Specimen Flowers bright orange. Herbst, D.R. 887 Hawaii BISH 1968-02-04
28 Crocosmia × crocosmiiflora Nuuanu, W side of Road at Pali Lookout On open, clay bank. Preserved_Specimen Fruit, w. set black seeds, ht 2-2.5 ft. 15 Oahu BISH 1955-11-17
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